12/2/2023 0 Comments Wave one endo sequencePTG files are rotary sequential systems with a convex triangular cross-section and a progressive taper. ProTaper GOLD (PTG, Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and WaveOne GOLD (WOG, Dentsply Sirona) are representatives of gold heat-treated instruments. Gold heat-treated instruments, which are heat processed after the machining of the files, have been used to reduce machining process defects and to modify the crystalline phase structure. It has been reported that heat-treated NiTi files have significantly increased flexibility and cyclic fatigue resistance compared to conventional NiTi files. That is, the heat-treated NiTi alloy mainly contains R-phase or martensite, which is more flexible, while the conventional NiTi alloy contains austenite. Thermal treatment of NiTi alloy is also one of the manufacturing methods to improve the mechanical performance, by adjusting its transition temperature, while controlling the alloy microstructure. NiTi rotary file systems have been developed to increase flexibility and reduce iatrogenic errors with special alloys, different cross-sectional designs, cutting edges, and varying taper. However, the complex root canal anatomy makes shaping difficult, which can lead to insufficient disinfection and create procedural errors such as canal transportation, ledge, zip, and perforation. Simultaneously, it is also important to maintain the original shape of the root canal and preserve healthy root dentin for the long-term prognosis of teeth. The main purpose of root canal preparation is to remove infected and necrotic pulp tissues in the canal. TruNatomy maintained the original apical canal curvature in S-shaped curved canals better than ProTaper GOLD and WaveOne GOLD. Shaping time was the least for TruNatomy, followed by the WaveOne GOLD and ProTaper GOLD ( p < 0.05). TruNatomy removed less resin than other groups in all sections ( p < 0.05), while ProTaper GOLD removed slightly more resin than WaveOne GOLD however, there was no significant difference ( p = 0.043). When comparing the amount of transportation in the 3 groups at 9 different levels, TruNatomy showed significantly less canal transportation than the other groups at the 3-and 5-mm levels of the canal ( p < 0.05), while ProTaper GOLD showed the largest amount of transportation in the apical curved area at the 2 and 3 mm levels ( p < 0.05). TruNatomy showed a significant deviation between the mesial and distal sides of the canal only in the coronal area at 6, 7, 8, and 9 mm levels of the canal ( p < 0.05). To compare the degree of transportation at different levels between the groups, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests were performed according to the normality. A paired t-test was used to determine the degree of deviation at different levels within the groups. The preparation time was also calculated. The pre- and post-preparation images were superimposed, and the amount of resin removed from both the mesial and distal sides of the canal measured up to 9 mm from the apical terminus, with a 1 mm increment. The simulated canals were instrumented according to the NiTi file system and photographed again after being dyed with red ink. The blocks were then randomly divided into three groups: group ProTaper GOLD (n = 20), WaveOne GOLD (n = 20), and TruNatomy (n = 20). The root canals of 60 S-shaped resin blocks were dyed using ink and photographed. This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of the ProTaper GOLD, WaveOne GOLD, and newly developed TruNatomy in simulated S-shaped canals. However, it is difficult to accomplish this, especially due to the complex canal anatomy. In root canal preparations, it is important to maintain the original canal shape.
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